FLAN-UL2
Similar to FLAN-T5, FLAN-UL2 is a model based on Google's popular T5 architecture with an upgraded pre-training procedure dubbed UL2. On most NLU benchmarks, FLAN-UL2 outperforms FLAN-T5 by a significant margin.
A side-by-side comparison of release history, capabilities, licensing and model sizes.
| Attribute |
 FLAN-UL2
|
Kimi |
|---|---|---|
| Developer | Moonshot AI | |
| Current generation | – | Kimi K3 |
| Initial release | 2023-03-03 | 2023-10-09 |
| Instruct tuned | Yes | Yes |
| Coding | No | Yes |
| Finetuning | Yes | Yes |
| Open source | Yes | Yes |
| License | Apache 2.0 | Kimi K3 License |
| Model sizes | 20B | 2.8T (104B active) |
| Links |
Similar to FLAN-T5, FLAN-UL2 is a model based on Google's popular T5 architecture with an upgraded pre-training procedure dubbed UL2. On most NLU benchmarks, FLAN-UL2 outperforms FLAN-T5 by a significant margin.
Kimi is Moonshot AI's open-weight family for long-context reasoning, coding, multimodal agents, and research. Kimi K3 is the current generation.
Moonshot AI launched Kimi in 2023 with an early focus on long-context document understanding. Kimi K3, released in July 2026, is a 2.8T-parameter mixture-of-experts model with 104B active parameters. It combines native vision, a one-million-token context window, long-horizon coding, knowledge work, reasoning, and agent orchestration. The full model weights are available under the Kimi K3 License.