DeepSeek vs. FLAN-UL2

Overview

DeepSeek currently offers V3 and R1 models, both of which are highly efficient and performant. V3 is comparable to models such as Anthropic's Sonnet 3.5, while R1 is comparable to models such as OpenAI's o1.

DeepSeek is a Chinese startup that began releasing LLMs in 2023 with DeepSeek Coder. In rapid succession, DeepSeek has since released more powerful models, most notably releasing DeepSeek V3 at the end of 2024 and DeepSeek R1 at the beginning of 2025. DeepSeek V3 and R1 set the frontier in terms of efficiency while maintaining high performance. The release of V3 and R1 sent shockwaves through the US technology sector, especially given the low cost with which V3 and R1 were trained (orders of magnitude less than the cost of training equivalent US models.)

Initial release: 2023-11-29

Reference

https://www.deepseek.com/

Further Reading

Overview

Similar to FLAN-T5, FLAN-UL2 is a model based on Google's popular T5 architecture with an upgraded pre-training procedure dubbed UL2. On most NLU benchmarks, FLAN-UL2 outperforms FLAN-T5 by a significant margin.

Initial release: 2023-03-03

Reference

https://huggingface.co/google/flan-ul2

Further Reading

• https://www.yitay.net/blog/flan-ul2-20b